本实验室联合军队和地方疾控及科研院校等单位共同建立了覆盖全国的传染病症候群监测实验室网络。建立小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌致感染性腹泻的诊断标准、技术方案、协助制定了出入境检验检疫行业标准。对旱獭鼠疫自然疫源地开展致病性耶尔森菌综合监测并取得初步成果（图1）。

　　图1. 旱獭鼠疫自然疫源地致病性耶尔森菌综合监测工作现场

　　首次证实了鼠疫耶尔森菌在自然疫源地的内源性保藏机制（图2）；首次发现了致病性耶尔森菌生态流行的同心圆分布现象；首次发现并证实了犬在致病性耶尔森菌传播中的重要地位；确认了婴幼儿是我国小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌病的易感人群。在国内首次发现了携带NDM-1基因的耐药菌株，通过全基因组测序解析携带NDM-1的基因结构（图3）。

　　图2. 通过西南三省鼠疫疫情揭示鼠疫耶尔森菌在自然疫源地的内源性保藏机制

　　The Branch of Emergency mainly engaged in etiology and pathogenic mechanism study of pathogenic Yersinia. Our branch takes charge of etiological surveillance of one of the national key infectious disease, Yersinosis, and bears multiple National Natural Science Foundation and research project of infectious disease monitoring technology platform, national science and technology major project: Syndrome surveillance of bacterial infectious disease, prevalence law and variation of pathogen spectrum.

　　Our laboratory united army forces, local centers for disease control and prevention, research universities and other units, jointly established a laboratory network of syndrome monitoring of infectious disease covering the whole country. We established the diagnostic criteria and SOP for infectious diarrhea caused by Yersinia enterocolitica, and assisted in formulating Entry - Exit industry standards of inspection and quarantine. The work of comprehensive monitoring pathogenic Yersinia in natural foci of plague has shown preliminary results (Fig. 1).

　　Figure 1. Field work of comprehensive monitoring pathogenic Yersinia in natural foci of plague.

　　For the first time, the endogenous preservation mechanism of Yersinia pestis in natural foci of plague was confirmed (Fig. 2); for the first time, the concentric circle distribution of ecological prevalence of pathogenic Yersinia was found; for the first time, the key status of canis was identified in transmission of pathogenic Yersinia; infants and young children are vulverable group of Yersinia enterocolitica infection in our country was confirmed. For the first time in China, a drug-resistant strain carrying the NDM-1 gene was found and the gene structure carrying NDM-1 was analyzed by genome-wide sequence (Fig. 3).

　　Figure 2. The endogenous preservation mechanism of Yersinia pestis in Natural Foci of plague was revealed by plague outbreak in three provinces in Southwest China.

　　Figure 3. Professor Xin Wang found the first drug-resistant strain carrying the NDM-1 gene.

　　At present, an etiological surveillance network covering over 80 cities in 22 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities across the country has been set up; a molecular typing database for strains tracing shared by centers for disease control and prevention and clinical institutions across the country has been established.

　　On the night of October 27, 2017, Professor Xin Wang served as 1 of 6 Chinese emergency experts heading to Madagascar. Once landed, the expert group communicated with WHO, the Pasteur Institute in Madagascar and the CDC experts in the United States, and made suggestions in various fields. At the same time, combined with the research results of our country, Professor Xin Wang conducted an in-depth discussion with experts on the characteristics and preservation mechanism of plague in Madagascar (Fig. 4).

　　Figure 4. Professor Xin Wang aids plague control in Madagascar.